Human knee topology

Human knee topology

To avoid extra stretching of the topology in the bending body parts you should start with the right topology. The topology scheme on the image allows saving the topology with no stretching as it is possible. It made from three parts: central loop, flat knee area which...
Facial Topology: Circular Loops around Muscles

Facial Topology: Circular Loops around Muscles

Facial topology plays a crucial role in 3D modeling to achieve realistic facial expressions. One of the key principles of modeling the face topology is to create circular loops around the muscle structures. By doing so, it is easier to animate the face and create...
The principles of IK human arms and legs rigging

The principles of IK human arms and legs rigging

The arms IK rigging The picture shows three schemes of simple rigged human arms. ✘ Straight arm with a straight rig In the first example, the arm and rig are directed strictly straight. It is not correct, because, it can cause issues with the direction of the inverse...
How to create an octagon hole in the 3d mesh

How to create an octagon hole in the 3d mesh

Circular holes are one of the most used types of holes in 3d modeling.In this short tutorial, we will create a circular hole that has eight edges (octagon). 1. To get started, create a quad polygon;2. Add two support edges;3. Add two perpendicular edges, crossing...
Types of non-manifold geometry

Types of non-manifold geometry

A non-manifold geometry is a mesh that cannot be unfolded into a flat surface with one directed normals and can not exist in the real world. On the image, you can see the most common types of non-manifold geometry. Let’s take a closer look at each of them....